India Reports First Case of HMPV Virus Amid Rising Global Concerns

An eight-month-old male infant in Bengaluru has tested positive for the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), marking India’s first confirmed case amid a surge in infections reported in China. The baby, who has no travel history, was admitted to Baptist Hospital on January 3, 2025, with bronchopneumonia. The infant is now recovering, according to the Karnataka Health Department.

Government Response

The Union Health Ministry has confirmed the development and assured the public that the situation is being closely monitored. The Ministry, in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), has implemented nationwide surveillance mechanisms to track trends in HMPV circulation.

A joint monitoring group convened last Saturday to review reports of rising respiratory illnesses globally, particularly in China. The government has also sought regular updates from the World Health Organization (WHO) to guide preventive measures.

What is HMPV?

Human Metapneumovirus is an RNA virus first identified in 2001. It is known to cause cold-like symptoms, with most cases being mild. However, young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of severe complications, including bronchopneumonia and lower respiratory tract infections like pneumonia.

Key Statistics

  • Prevalence: HMPV accounts for 10%–12% of respiratory illnesses in children, with 5%–16% developing severe infections.
  • Seasonality: The virus typically circulates in winter months, affecting children under five and adults over 65.
  • Mortality Risk: While most cases are mild, the virus can be lethal in immunocompromised individuals.

India’s Preparedness

The Health Ministry has assured that India is well-equipped to handle respiratory illnesses, with no unusual surge detected through its surveillance systems. Hospitals have been advised to enhance testing and preparedness, particularly for vulnerable groups.

Public Advisory

Healthcare experts, including Dr. G.C. Khilnani, warn that HMPV poses significant risks to immunocompromised and elderly individuals. Preventive measures such as good hygiene, timely medical attention, and vaccination for respiratory illnesses are strongly recommended.

The Ministry has urged citizens to remain vigilant and report any symptoms of severe respiratory illness, as the government continues to monitor the situation and respond proactively.

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